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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso employs precise pressure and incredible filter technology to produce the coffee we love. But how exactly does it work?

To make espresso hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee. However the pressure is the primary difference.

The Group Head

The group head is the portafilter that you insert when brewing espresso. It distributes water into the portafilter, and then regulates the pressure during the extraction. There are many different types of group heads each with distinct advantages and drawbacks. Some are designed for stability in temperature, while others are built to handle pre-infusion. Others are built to control the lever. There are some that contain a variety of features, like the E61 that is the standard choice for many baristas because of its ability to provide multiple benefits in one package.

As you can see from the image above the group head is fitted with a variety of notches. The portafilter is placed in these notches and then turn the head around to secure it. A gasket made of rubber is placed inside the notches, which helps create a seal when you insert your portafilter. The notches allow for an exact placement of the portafilter. This is crucial for an accurate extraction.

Aside from allowing you to easily insert your portafilter, the group head is responsible to ensure that the temperature remains even. It does this by cycling hot water through the brew pan and around the portafilter to ensure that it's always at the right temperature to extract. This is crucial, since even a small difference in temperature can be the difference between a excellent and great espresso.

The Pump

Unlike manual piston machines, that use a lever to pressurize water, the rotary espresso machines use motorized pumps that provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure that are required to extract espresso. The pressure builds by drawing tap water from a reservoir, and pumping it through a heat exchanger prior being pushed through the ground coffee inside the group head.

Pumps are typically less expensive and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines are susceptible to degrading due to excessive use and poor cleaning. They also make mechanically complex that can lead to costly prices for even the most basic models.

Certain espresso machines utilize steam pressure instead of a pump for brewing espresso. The downside is that the boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of water to boiling which could lead to excessive extraction. Additionally these machines typically have to rebuild their pressure between cups, which requires time and energy.

Many espresso machines make use of the rotary or vibration pump. A vibration model employs a vibrating disk to generate pressure, while a circular model pushes hot liquid through the ground at a high speed. Both types of machine can make a great espresso, but the rotary pumps are quieter, and more durable than vibration pumps.

The Boiler

The boiler is the element which heats the water to the ideal temperature for extraction. The resulting steam reaches the portafilter containing the ground espresso coffee, and is then pumped into the cup. During this process the steam causes enough pressure to push the grounds of the coffee through. This creates a crema on top of the espresso. This is a hallmark of a great espresso.

There are three types of espresso makers. They differ in the type of pump they use and how hot the brew is. There are different ways to control the brew as well as the size of the cup that can be made by the machine.

The first espresso machines were steam-types. The first espresso machines were steam types. This led to the coffee tasting burnt and bitter. This is the reason why Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni invented the modern espresso machine black friday (official statement) machine.

The most common espresso machine is a semiautomatic model with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they envision these machines. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp your beans yourself while the pump controls the water flow and pressure. This is a fantastic combination of human control and mechanised consistency.

The Filter

Espresso machines usually use filters that separate the grounds of the coffee from the hot water. The filter is also a vital component of the temperature control system, since it helps prevent the machine from overheating.

It also enhances flavor as a filter allows for a longer bloom time. This allows the beans to release their flavors and provides an opportunity to improve extraction.

It is important to keep in mind that even the best filter can result in a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans, and the extraction, remain crucial.

It's in this area that the magic takes place. This is the reason why espresso tastes so good. The grouphead (also known as the brewhead) is where you put the portafilter, which is the thingy used to place the grounds of your coffee into while making espresso.

Steam-driven espresso machines use hot water heated in an airtight container to make steam. The steam then moves hot water through the grounds of coffee at high pressure. These machines are less expensive and are easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited in their ability to create the perfect brewing conditions as they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The ideal shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air-pump-driven espresso machines have been gaining popularity. They utilize an air compressor to push hot water through grounds, and are far more Russell Hobbs 22630 Portable Coffee Maker Online than electric steam-driven machines.