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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy can also be described as proxy server software that acts as a mediator between a client and server via the internet. Without an intermediary, a customer would make an inquiry directly to a server, and the server would then serve the resource directly back to the user. While this process is simple to understand and apply using proxies, it can provide benefits such as more performance and privacy, and many other. Apart from adding a layer of security they also act as a security guardian of the internet between clients and servers.




Generally speaking, the bundle of server hardware with installed proxy software is often referred by the name proxy servers. But, this article will be focusing on the proxies that are typically referred to as software, but also when referring to web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types: one is one that is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a distinct usage, which can be confusing due to the identical namesake convention.




This article will provide readers with the information on the different types of proxy services, their subtypes, and the ways that they can be helpful for the most common setups. In this article, you'll be able to discern the scenarios in which you can benefit from a proxy. You can also choose the best option between forward and reverse proxy for any scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also known by the name of an open proxy, also known as an open, acts as the agent of a client who wishes to send requests over the internet to an the server that created it. In this scenario it is the scenario that all requests made by the client are instead directed directly into forward proxy. This forward proxy acting in place on behalf of client look into the request. In the beginning, it will determine whether the client is authorized to make requests via this specific forward proxy. It will then either refuse requests or redirect it to the origin server. The client is not allowed directly access to internet; it can only be capable of accessing the data that forward-proxy allows the client to access.




One popular reason to use forward proxy is the desire for more privacy or security online. Forward proxy is able to access the internet using the client, and in this process, it uses an additional IP address as opposed to the IP address of your client.




Based on the way it has been set up, and the configuration, forward proxy may provide a variety of functions and the capability to:




Beware of Ad-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your geographic location.




Forward proxies also are utilized in systems of central security and access that is dependent on permissions, for example in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy an administrator could limit access to specific clients to the internet through the common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer which could contain multiple devices that have different configurations and user A firewall could be installed at the forward proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxy servers must be configured manually to utilize, whereas reverse proxies can be ignored by the client. The type of IP address a client is transferred to the server from which it originated through forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or kept in the dark.




There are a myriad of possibilities to look into for forward proxy services:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server that offers forward proxy features.


Nginx A renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid: A free and Open Source Forward Proxy that utilizes the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire website server program. We have instructions on how to setup Squid proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP and is more suitable for use cases like peer-topeer communication. It is also possible to learn how to configure Dante proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts in the capacity of an agent to a web server and takes care of the incoming requests of clients. The web server could serve as a one server or a number of servers. Furthermore, it could be used as an application server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations it is possible to receive a request from a user who is on the internet at large. The majority of the time, the request would be directed directly to a webserver that has all the resources the client would be looking for. In contrast, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary that shields this webserver from direct interaction with the internet.




From an individual or user's point of view the procedure of using reverse proxy is not any different than working with a Web server itself. It's basically the same, but the client can't tell the distinction. Client makes an request for resources, which is then received with no further configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy proxies may offer features, like:




Centralized security for the web server layer.


Directing incoming traffic based on rules that you can set up.


The caching feature has been added to the app.




While centralized security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxy providers provide this benefit to Web server layers and not to the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls on Web server layers that could contain multiple servers with various configurations, most of the firewall security is aimed at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, the absence of interfacing with firewalls and responding to requests from clients via web servers allows them to focus on providing resources.




In the case of multiple servers working behind a reverse proxy it is also able to control how requests are routed the correct server. Many web servers may be offering the identical service, but each one serving various kinds of resources or a mix of both. They may employ an HTTP protocol to function as an ordinary web server but can also include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. It is possible to set up a reverse proxy to route clients to certain servers according to the resource being requested, or to observe certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their position before web servers through the capability of caching. Large static assets can be arranged using caching rules in order that they avoid having to communicate with web servers every time they need to make a request. There are solutions that provide the option to directly serve static assets, without needing to connect to a web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy could handle the compressing the assets.




The popular Nginx web server can be described as a reliable reverse proxy solution. You can also use the Apache web server, it also includes reverse proxy, which is an added feature of Apache as opposed to Nginx was designed initially for and is focused on the reverse proxy function.



The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Because "forward" or "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, and false connections to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic, the labels can be confusing as both kinds of proxy services are capable of handling requests as well as respond. The best way to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy services is to look at the needs of the application you're developing.




A reverse proxy is a good option when you're developing a solution to serve web applications on the internet. They are your web servers for any interaction online.




Forward proxy applications are advantageous when they are used to block the client for your personal use, or in the workplace. They are a representation of your client's traffic for any online interaction.




Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing on identical naming conventions will make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



In this article, we clarified the definition of a proxy and the two main types of them being the forward and the reverse proxy. Practical applications as well as a look at the beneficial traits were used in defining forward proxy as well as reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the implementation of proxy servers check out our guide on how to configure Nginx in a reverse proxy and internet-based server for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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